Migraine

HaNDL with care

Abstract

Headache with neurological deficit and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lymphocytosis (HaNDL) syndrome is an important diagnosis to consider in patients presenting with the relevant features to acute medicine. Investigations should aim to exclude more serious differential diagnoses such as infectious, inflammatory and neoplastic causes prior to making a formal diagnosis of HaNDL. Increased awareness and early consideration of HaNDL would help to avoid unnecessary prolonged courses of antimicrobial therapy and invasive investigations such as cerebral angiography.

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Presentations to An Acute Medical Unit Due to Headache: A Review of 306 Consecutive Cases

Abstract

The United Kingdom National Health Service has recently prioritised the need for ambulatory care pathways for acute headache. The present study sought to better characterise patients referred to an Acute Medical Unit so as to inform pathway development. In 2011, York Hospital received 306 referrals due to acute headache, representing 3% of acute medical admissions. Investigations included CT scan (38%), lumbar puncture (38%), and MRI (18%); there were no specialised investigations in 26%, and 18% of patients were discharged on the day of presentation. Subarachnoid haemorrhage occurred in only 4 patients (1%), meningitis in 10 (3%), and intracranial tumour in 5 (2%). The findings indicate that a significant proportion of patients with acute headache could be managed by ambulatory care.

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Magnesium and the Acute Physician

Abstract

Magnesium deficiency, and to a lesser extent magnesium excess, is commonly encountered in patients admitted to the Acute Medical Unit. It is important that acute physicians are able to identify those at risk of these states and initiate appropriate investigation and treatment. This article aims to provide the reader with a sound understanding of magnesium physiology and its effect at a cellular level. The causes, symptoms and treatment of magnesium disorders are discussed along with a review of evidence regarding the therapeutic use of magnesium.

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