Pneumothorax

Pneumothorax is defined as the presence of air in the pleural space, between the lung and the chest wall. It is a significant global health problem, with considerable morbidity and healthcare costs. Best management strategy remains controversial, with significant variation in practise, both nationally and internationally. The lack of consensus is driven by the paucity of the evidence base. Current research trials, particularly those looking at ambulatory management, are making progress and may help streamline future guidelines. This review presents five case reports of patients treated with methods which are not entirely synchronous with the current British Thoracic Society (BTS) guidelines; providing guidance for acute medical physicians who are routinely presented with such cases and exploring future developments in pneumothorax management.